This focus series concentrates on lumbar degenerative disorders which demand surgical treatment. With the ageing society, this is the most frequently performed spine surgery in daily practise with a big array of different techniques, tailored to the specific pathology: ALIF, OLIF, XLIF, TLIF as w...

This surgical video focus series concentrates on paediatric spinal deformity surgery, in contrast to the previous focus series which dealt mostly with adult deformity surgery and specific cervical spine problems in the elderly patients.

Here we present 4 contributions concerning the adolescent i...

The most frequent reasons today for spinal surgery are degenerative disorders of the spine. (About 70% of all spine surgeries in the industrialized countries). Many of these disorders are approached increasingly by less or minimally invasive surgical procedures, endoscopic spine surgery the least...